imported>Playaplayer |
imported>Playaplayer |
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| − | ==A==
| + | / |
| − | * [http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/religion/iah.htm|Aah, Iah] - Moon sacred to Osiris, Djehuty (Thoth) and Khonsu
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| − | * Akh (Ax) - at times translated as 'soul', cf. Body and Soul
| |
| − | * Akhu, akhet (Ax.t): The blessed dead, ancestors
| |
| − | * Amen, Ammon, Amon, Amun, Amoun, Amun-Re or Amen-Re - Main God during the New Kingdom, identified with Zeus by the Greeks
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| − | * Amenirdis - Wife of the God (High priestess of Amen)
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| − | * Amenti - Realm of the Dead, cf Duat
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| − | * Ammit, Ammut - Chimaera, destroyer of the hearts of dead who were not justified
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| − | * Amulet - charm or talisman
| |
| − | * Anch, ankh (anx) - Symbol of enduring life
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| − | * Anubis, Anpu, Khenty-Imentiu, Hermanubis - God, conductor of souls
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| − | * Apis, Serapis, Osiris-Apis - Bull symbolizing fertility venerated at Memphis
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| − | * Apophis, Apopis, Apep - The serpent of Chaos, sometimes equated with Seth
| |
| − | * Apotropaic (from Greek) - Having the power to avert evil
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| − | * Atef - Crown worn by Osiris
| |
| − | * Aten, Aton - The sun disk, unique god of Akhenaten
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| − | | |
| − | ==B==
| |
| − | * Ba (bA)
| |
| − | The "soul"
| |
| − | Spiritual force such as an anonymous divinity
| |
| − | Manifestation of a god
| |
| − | The king's power to rule
| |
| − | The eternal forces of a human, depicted in tombs as a bird with a human head.
| |
| − | * Ba'ah, Seba-djai - The planet Venus
| |
| − | * Bast, Bastet, Ubasti, Pasht - Goddess of the home, Artemis to the Greeks. Her cultural centre was at Bubastis
| |
| − | * Bat - Goddess with the form of a cow, from the Middle Kingdom on merged with Hathor
| |
| − | * Bau - Messenger or appearance of a deity
| |
| − | * Benben
| |
| − | 1) The first land to rise from the primordial waters.
| |
| − | 2) Pyramid shaped sacred stone at Heliopolis
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| − | * Bes, Bisu - Dwarf god
| |
| − | * Book of the Dead - Better The Book of Going Forth by Day. A collection of magical writings placed in tombs since the New Kingdom with the intention of helping the deceased in the after-life.
| |
| − | * Canopic jars (from Latin, Greek) - Vessels containing the inner organs of the deceased, generally four, in the form of the sons of Horus (from Canopus, see above)
| |
| − | * Cartonnage (French) - Expression used by Egyptologists for the masks and coffins made of cardboard like materials.
| |
| − | * Cartouche (French) - The name of a pharaoh in hieroglyphs surrounded by an oval band denoting eternity
| |
| − | ==D ==
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| − | * Decans (from Latin decem, ten) - 36 star constellations, each rising above the horizon at sunrise during ten days every year, used by the ancient Egyptian calendar
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| − | * Djehuti, Thoth - God of knowledge and wisdom, moon god, identified with Hermes Trismegistus by the Greeks;
| |
| − | * Djet (Dt) - Eternity, continuous and linear as opposed to neheh
| |
| − | * Duat (dwA.t)
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| − | Originally the starry sky.
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| − | The Realm of the Dead, populated by the deceased who have become stars. Often somewhat misleadingly referred to as Underworld or Netherworld.
| |
| − | ==E==
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| − | * Ennead (from Greek enneas, nine)
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| − | A group of nine deities, such as the Ennead of Heliopolis
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| − | All the gods of a locality
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| − | ==F==
| |
| − | * False door - symbolic door for the ka, painted or carved on a tomb wall
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| − | ==G ==
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| − | * Geb, Keb - Earth god
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| − | * Griffin - Chimaera with a lion's body and a falcon's head, since the OK symbol of the victorious ruler
| |
| − | ==H ==
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| − | * Hah - Personification of eternity, props up the heavens
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| − | * Hapi, Hapy
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| − | 1) God of the Nile;
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| − | 2) One of the Four Sons of Horus
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| − | * Hathor - Goddess of sky, love, mirth, beauty and fertility
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| − | * Heka (HkA) Magic
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| − | * Horus, Hor, Heru, Hru - Sun god, son of Isis and Osiris
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| − | * House of Life - Repositories for knowledge in temples
| |
| − | ==I==
| |
| − | * Isfet - disorder, chaos, opposed to Maat
| |
| − | * Isis, Auset, Aset, Ast - Goddess of fertility and nature, consort of Osiris. Identified with Demeter and Aphrodite
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| − | ==J==
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| − | * Judgment of the Dead
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| − | * Justified - maa-kheru, lit. True of voice, dead person judged favourably Decision by the gods on the afterlife of a person
| |
| − | ==K==
| |
| − | * Ka - Immortal part of a being, but needing nourishment, coming into existence together with the being: the "life force", continuity of existence. Cf. Body and Soul. To go to his ka: to die
| |
| − | * Kemet (km.t)
| |
| − | The black (land)
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| − | The fertile soil of the Nile flood plain
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| − | Egypt which is also called the Two Lands
| |
| − | * Kenbet (qnb.t) - Judicial commission or court
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| − | * Khons, Khonsu
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| − | 1) Moon God, son of Amen and Mut, his main temple was at Karnak;
| |
| − | 2) Called To: First prophet of Menkheperra under Ramses II
| |
| − | ==L==
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| − | * Lector priest - Priest reading ritual texts
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| − | ==M==
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| − | * Maa-kheru (mAa-xrw )
| |
| − | True of voice, justified. Used for
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| − | 1) the winning party in a trial,
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| − | 2) the dead whose heart weighed less than a feather
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| − | | |
| − | * Maat, Ma'at, Mayet (maA.t) - Goddess of Truth; the world order, justice, proper conduct.
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| − | * Mafdet - Goddess, symbolizing judicial authority and the execution apparatus
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| − | * Menat (mnj.t)
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| − | 1) Musical instrument, castanet;
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| − | 2) Broad collar or necklace, attribute of Hathor
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| − | * Montu, Mont - War god
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| − | * Mut
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| − | 1) Mother goddess, often equated with Isis
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| − | 2) Deceased with often malicious intentions
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| − | ==N==
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| − | * Natron (from Spanish, originally Greek) - Carbonate salt mixture used in mummifying, found at Wadi Natrun
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| − | * Necropolis (Greek) - Greek lit. City of the dead, cemetery
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| − | * Nefer (nfr) - Amulet made of gold, good luck charm
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| − | * Neheh (nHH) - Eternity, perpetual renewal of cycles, as opposed to djet
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| − | * Nekhbet - Goddess of Upper Egypt represented in the form of a vulture
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| − | * Nephthys, Nepthys, Nebt-Het - Goddess, wife of Seth
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| − | * Neshmet (nSm.t) - The barque of Osiris
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| − | * Nun - Primordial god of water and fertility, depicted as a green or blue man
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| − | * Nut - Goddess of the sky
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| − | ==O==
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| − | * Ogdoad (from Latin, Greek for eight) - The eight primeval gods of creation: Nun and Naunet, Kuk and Kauket, Huh and Hauhet, Amen and Amaunet
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| − | * Opening of the Mouth - ceremony performed for a deceased person
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| − | * Osiris, Asr, Ausar - God of Duat, consort of Isis. Equated with the Greek Dionysos
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| − | * Ostracon, Ostrakon (Greek) - a pottery sherd used for writing or sketching on, plural ostraka
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| − | ==P==
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| − | * Phoenix (Greek), Bennu bird - Mythological bird (see Bestiary)
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| − | * Ptach, Ptah - Creator god, Hephaestos to the Greeks
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| − | ==Q==
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| − | * Qebehsenuef, Kebhsenuf etc - One of the four sons of Horus
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| − | ==R==
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| − | *
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| − | Glossary of ancient Egyptian terms and names
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| − | The word form in bold type is the one generally used on this site.
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| − | Some remarks concerning transliteration and pronunciation of ancient Egyptian
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| − | | |
| − | A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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| − | | |
| − |
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| − | A
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| − | | |
| − | Aah, Iah
| |
| − | Moon sacred to Osiris, Djehuty (Thoth) and Khonsu
| |
| − | | |
| − | Abdu Heba
| |
| − | Ruler of Jerusalem, contemporary of Akhenaten
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| − | | |
| − | Achotep, Ahhotep, Ahotep
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| − | Apparently two queens, although it has been suggested that there may have been just one:
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| − | 1) Queen, daughter of Tao I, sister/wife of Tao II Sekenenre
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| − | 2) Queen, possibly wife of Kamose
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| − | | |
| − | Achenaten, Akhenaten, Akhenaton, Akhnaten, Akhnaton
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| − | Amenhotep IV, a New Kingdom pharaoh, 18th dynasty
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| − | | |
| − | Aegis (Greek)
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| − | Ornamental collar, menat
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| − | | |
| − | Ahmose, Amasis
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| − | 1) Two pharaohs - Ahmose I 18th dynasty and Ahmose II, 26th dynasty;
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| − | 2) Ahmose-Nefertiri, Queen of the 18th Dynasty;
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| − | 3) Ahmose Son of Ebana, admiral under king Ahmose I (Autobiography)
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| − | 4) Ahmose Pen-nekhbet, high official under Ahmose I (Autobiography)
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| − | | |
| − | Akhet (Ax.t [1]), Shait
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| − | Season of inundation, from mid-July to mid-November in Ptolemaic times
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| − | | |
| − | Akhetaten, Al Amarna, El Amarna
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| − | Capital of Akhenaten, 18th dynasty
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| − | | |
| − | Akh (Ax)
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| − | at times translated as 'soul', cf. Body and Soul
| |
| − | Akhu, akhet (Ax.t): The blessed dead, ancestors
| |
| − | | |
| − | Akhtoy, Kheti
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| − | | |
| − | Alashia, Alasyia
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| − | Probably Cyprus
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| − | | |
| − | Amen, Ammon, Amon, Amun, Amoun, Amun-Re or Amen-Re
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| − | Main God during the New Kingdom, identified with Zeus by the Greeks
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| − | | |
| − | Amenemhab, Amenemheb
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| − | War companion of Thutmose III (Amenemhab's Biography)
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| − | | |
| − | Amenemhet, Amenemhat
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| − | Four pharaohs of the 12th dynasty
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| − | | |
| − | Amenhotep
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| − | 1) 4 New Kingdom pharaohs, 18th dynasty, often called by the (incorrect) Greek form Amenophis;
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| − | 2) Son of Hapu, scribe, favourite of Amenhotep III (Autobiographical inscription)
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| − | | |
| − | Amenemope, Amenemopet
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| − | 1) Family of high New Kingdom officials;
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| − | 2) Vice-roy of Kush under Seti I;
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| − | 3) Vizier under Amenhotep II
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| − | | |
| − | Amenirdis
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| − | Wife of the God (High priestess of Amen)
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| − | | |
| − | Amenmes
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| − | New Kingdom pharaoh, 19th dynasty
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| − | | |
| − | Amenmose
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| − | 1) Son of Thutmose I and Ahmose, general;
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| − | 2) Brother of Nefertari, mayor of Thebes;
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| − | 3) Son of Bekenptah, officer under the Ramessides
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| − | | |
| − | Amenophis
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| − | according to Manetho Greek for Amenhotep and still often used in this sense; philologically correct for Amenemope (imn-m-ipt)
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| − | | |
| − | Amenti
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| − | Realm of the Dead, cf Duat
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| − | | |
| − | Ammit, Ammut
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| − | Chimaera, destroyer of the hearts of dead who were not justified
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| − | | |
| − | Amorites, Amurru
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| − | People in Retenu (Today's Lebanon and western Syria)
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| − | | |
| − | Amratian
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| − | Middle pre-dynastic period, 3550 to 3400 BCE, also called Naqada IA and IB
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| − | | |
| − | Amulet
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| − | Charm
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| − | | |
| − | Anch, ankh (anx)
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| − | Symbol of enduring life
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| − | | |
| − | Anchesenamen, Anchesenamun, Ankhesenamen, Ankhesenamun, Ankhesenaten, Ankhesenpaaten
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| − | Wife of Tutankhamen, 18th dynasty
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| − | | |
| − | Anchnesmerire, Ankhnesmeryre
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| − | Queen, Mother of Pepi II
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| − | | |
| − | Anhuret, Anhur, Onuris
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| − | Identified with the Greek Ares. His main cult was at Papremis
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| − | | |
| − | Ankh
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| − | Life, its hieroglyph was often worn as an amulet
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| − | | |
| − | Ankhmahor
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| − | 6th dynasty vizier
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| − | | |
| − | Ankhtifi
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| − | nomarch in Upper Egypt during the FIP
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| − | | |
| − | Anubis, Anpu, Khenty-Imentiu, Hermanubis
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| − | God, conductor of souls
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| − | | |
| − | Antef
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| − | see Intef
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| − | | |
| − | Antefoker
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| − | Mayor and vizier under Senusret I
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| − | | |
| − | Anubis, Anpu
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| − | God of the necropolis
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| − | | |
| − | Apep
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| − | see Apopis
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| − | | |
| − | Apepi
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| − | Two Hyksos kings
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| − | | |
| − | Aphrodite
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| − | the Greek equivalent of Hathor
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| − | | |
| − | Apis, Serapis, Osiris-Apis
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| − | Bull symbolizing fertility venerated at Memphis
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| − | | |
| − | Apophis, Apopis, Apep
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| − | The serpent of Chaos, sometimes equated with Seth
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| − | | |
| − | Apotropaic (from Greek)
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| − | Having the power to avert evil
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| − | | |
| − | Artaxerxes
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| − | 2 Persian kings and Egyptian pharaohs (27th dynasty)
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| − | | |
| − | Arura, aroura (Greek)
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| − | The ground covered by a yoke of ploughing oxen in one day, about 2700 m²
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| − | | |
| − | Artaba (Persian)
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| − | Dry measure, about 36 litres in classical times, about 27 litres under the Ptolemies.
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| − | | |
| − | Aser, Asr, Ausas
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| − | see Osiris
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| − | | |
| − | Aset, Ast, Auset
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| − | see Isis
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| − | | |
| − | Ashur-Uballit
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| − | King of Assyria, contemporary of Akhenaten
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| − | | |
| − | Atef
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| − | Crown worn by Osiris
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| − | | |
| − | Aten, Aton
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| − | The sun disk, unique god of Akhenaten
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| − | | |
| − | Avaris, Awaris
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| − | Capital of the Hyksos kings in the Delta
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| − | | |
| − | Ay
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| − | 1) Merneferre, pharaoh of the 13th dynasty;
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| − | 2) Ay, Aye, Ai, Kheperkheperure
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| − | Vizier of Tutankhamen and pharaoh of the 18th dynasty
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| − | | |
| − | B
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| − | | |
| − | Ba (bA)
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| − | The "soul"
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| − | Spiritual force such as an anonymous divinity
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| − | Manifestation of a god
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| − | The king's power to rule
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| − | The eternal forces of a human, depicted in tombs as a bird with a human head.
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| − | | |
| − | Ba'ah, Seba-djai
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| − | The planet Venus
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| − | | |
| − | Badarian
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| − | Early pre-dynastic period, 3800 to 3500 BCE, also Fayum A or Merimda
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| − | | |
| − | Bai, Bay
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| − | Chancellor of Ramses Siptah, 19th dynasty
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| − | | |
| − | Bakare
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| − | Listed in the Turin King list as successor of Khafre
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| − | | |
| − | Bakenkhons, Bakenkhonsu, Bekenkhonsu
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| − | High Priest of Amen under Ramses II, possibly father of Nefertari, member of the Amenemope clan, block statue
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| − | | |
| − | Bast, Bastet, Ubasti, Pasht
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| − | Goddess of the home, Artemis to the Greeks. Her cultural centre was at Bubastis
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| − | | |
| − | Bat
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| − | Goddess with the form of a cow, from the Middle Kingdom on merged with Hathor
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| − | | |
| − | Bau
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| − | Messenger or appearance of a deity
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| − | | |
| − | Benben
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| − | 1) The first land to rise from the primordial waters.
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| − | 2) Pyramid shaped sacred stone at Heliopolis
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| − | | |
| − | Bennu bird (bnw)
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| − | see Phoenix
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| − | | |
| − | Bes, Bisu
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| − | Dwarf god
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| − | | |
| − | Biridiya
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| − | Ruler of Megiddo, contemporary of Akhenaten
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| − | | |
| − | Book of the Dead
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| − | Better The Book of Going Forth by Day. A collection of magical writings placed in tombs since the New Kingdom with the intention of helping the deceased in the after-life.
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| − | | |
| − | Burnaburiash
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| − | Kassite king of Babylonia, contemporary of Akhenaten
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| − | | |
| − | Byblos (Greek), Gebal, Gubla, Kubna (Egyptian)
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| − | City in Lebanon, important to Egyptian trade
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| − | | |
| − | byssus
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| − | fr. Greek bussos, fine linen
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| − | | |
| − | C
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| − | | |
| − | Cambyses, Kambyses
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| − | Persian king, conqueror of Egypt, founder of the 27th dynasty
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| − | | |
| − | Canaan
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| − | Today's Israel and southern Lebanon, above all the coastal region
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| − | | |
| − | Canobic, Heracleotic (from Latin, Greek)
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| − | The westernmost arm of the Nile, after the city of Canobus (Canopus)
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| − | | |
| − | Canopic jars (from Latin, Greek)
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| − | Vessels containing the inner organs of the deceased, generally four, in the form of the sons of Horus (from Canopus, see above)
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| − | | |
| − | Cartonnage (French)
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| − | Expression used by Egyptologists for the masks and coffins made of cardboard like materials.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Cartouche (French)
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| − | The name of a pharaoh in hieroglyphs surrounded by an oval band denoting eternity
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| − | | |
| − | Cataract (from Greek kataraktes down-rushing)
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| − | Rapids, waterfall. The first Nile cataract was Egypt's southern border
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| − | | |
| − | Chadouf (Arabic)
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| − | see Shadouf
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| − | | |
| − | Chafre, Chefren
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| − | see Khafre
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| − | | |
| − | Chamudi
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| − | see Khamudi
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| − | | |
| − | Cheops, Chufu
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| − | see Khufu
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| − | | |
| − | Choachyte
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| − | Greek for Egyptian wAH mw, lit. Dispenser of water, Priest in charge of the cult of the dead who, for a fee, carried out the role of undertaker
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| − | | |
| − | Chons, Chonsu
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| − | see Khons
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| − | | |
| − | Chthonic (Greek)
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| − | from the earth. Chthonic deities: Sepa, Heqet etc
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| − | | |
| − | Cippus (Latin)
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| − | Pointed rectangular pillar, in Egyptology: Amulet or stela showing Horus triumphing over dangerous beasts
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| − | | |
| − | Circumcision
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| − | The surgical modification of the genitals of boys and men
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| − | | |
| − | Coffin Texts
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| − | Magical writings written on coffins since the FIP.
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| − | | |
| − | Corbel (from Latin)
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| − | Projection jutting out from wall, supporting structure above it. Used to make false arches
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| − | | |
| − | Corvée (French)
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| − | Tax in the form of labour
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| − | | |
| − | Crook, heka
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| − | Originally a shepherd's staff it became a symbol of power carried by pharaohs and high officials
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| − | | |
| − | Cubit (Origninally from Latin)
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| − | Linear measure.
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| − | 1) Short cubit: 6 palms = 24 fingers;
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| − | 2) Royal cubit : 7 palms = 28 digits - 52.3 cm
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| − | | |
| − | D
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| − | | |
| − | Darius
| |
| − | 2 Persian kings and Egyptian pharaohs (27th dynasty)
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| − | | |
| − | Deben, (dbn)
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| − | Weight, equal to 10 kit, originally 27gr (copper), 13gr (gold), from NK on about 91 grammes
| |
| − | Greek period: monetary unit worth 20 silver drachmas, later 20 copper drachmas
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| − | | |
| − | Decans (from Latin decem, ten)
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| − | 36 star constellations, each rising above the horizon at sunrise during ten days every year, used by the ancient Egyptian calendar
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| − | | |
| − | Demotic (Greek)
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| − | the last stage of development of the ancient Egyptian script
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| − | | |
| − | Demurrage
| |
| − | Charge paid by the depositors of grain in the state granaries, see credit
| |
| − | | |
| − | Dendarah, Denderah
| |
| − | Site of Hathor's main temple
| |
| − | | |
| − | Deshret (dSr.t)
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| − | 1) The red crown of Lower Egypt;
| |
| − | 2) The red land, i.e. the desert
| |
| − | | |
| − | Dionysos
| |
| − | Greek god, identified with Osiris
| |
| − | | |
| − | Djahi, Zahi
| |
| − | Ill defined coastal region in Canaan
| |
| − | | |
| − | Djed pillar, djet pillar (Dd)
| |
| − | Hieroglyph often carried as an amulet, linked to the Osiris myth
| |
| − | | |
| − | Djehuti, Thoth
| |
| − | 1) God of knowledge and wisdom, moon god, identified with Hermes Trismegistus by the Greeks;
| |
| − | 2) Scribe, general and viceroy under Thutmose III
| |
| − | | |
| − | Djet (Dt)
| |
| − | Eternity, continuous and linear as opposed to neheh
| |
| − | | |
| − | Djoser, Zoser
| |
| − | Old Kingdom pharaoh, 3rd dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Drachma
| |
| − | Greek monetary unit, divided into 6 obols. The standard coin in use was the silver tetradrachma worth four drachmas.
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| − | | |
| − | Duat (dwA.t)
| |
| − | Originally the starry sky.
| |
| − | The Realm of the Dead, populated by the deceased who have become stars. Often somewhat misleadingly referred to as Underworld or Netherworld.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Dynasty (from Greek)
| |
| − | Line of hereditary rulers
| |
| − | | |
| − | E
| |
| − | | |
| − | Early dynastic
| |
| − | Historic period, 3050 to 2600 BCE, also called Naqada IIIA1 to IIIC1
| |
| − | | |
| − | Echnaton
| |
| − | see Akhenaten
| |
| − | | |
| − | El Amarna, Al Amarna (Arabic), Akhetaten
| |
| − | Capital of Egypt under Akhenaten, 18th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Electrum (from Greek)
| |
| − | A gold and silver alloy, used for covering the tips of obelisks
| |
| − | | |
| − | Encaustic (from Greek)
| |
| − | paint based on wax
| |
| − | | |
| − | Ennead (from Greek enneas, nine)
| |
| − | A group of nine deities, such as the Ennead of Heliopolis
| |
| − | All the gods of a locality
| |
| − | | |
| − | Execration texts
| |
| − | Texts containing curses against (state) enemies, cf. Execration rituals
| |
| − | | |
| − | Eye of Re
| |
| − | See Hathor
| |
| − | | |
| − | F
| |
| − | | |
| − | Faience (from French, after the Italian town of Faenza)
| |
| − | Glazed ceramics, often blue or green
| |
| − | | |
| − | Faiyoum, Faiyum, Fayoum, Fayum, Fayyoum, Fayyum
| |
| − | Fertile low-lying region west of the Nile
| |
| − | | |
| − | False door
| |
| − | symbolic door for the ka, painted or carved on a tomb wall
| |
| − | | |
| − | FIP
| |
| − | First Intermediate Period
| |
| − | | |
| − | Flail, flagellum (from Latin flagrum, scourge), nekhekh, nekhakha
| |
| − | A flail carried by the pharaoh symbolizing his power; attribute of Osiris and Min.
| |
| − | | |
| − | G
| |
| − | | |
| − | Geb, Keb
| |
| − | Earth god
| |
| − | | |
| − | Gebal, Gubla
| |
| − | see Byblos
| |
| − | | |
| − | Genital mutilation
| |
| − | The surgical modification of the genitals of girls and women
| |
| − | | |
| − | Gerzean
| |
| − | Late pre-dynastic and protodynastic periods, 3400 to 3050 BCE, divided into
| |
| − | Early Gerzean, 3400 to 3300 BCE (Naqada IC, IIA, IIB)
| |
| − | Middle Gerzean, 3300 to 3200 BCE (Naqada IIC)
| |
| − | Late Gerzean, 3200 to 3050 (Naqada IID1, IID2)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Gesso (Italian)
| |
| − | Mixture of plaster of Paris and glue, used as a kind of putty
| |
| − | | |
| − | God's Father
| |
| − | Priest of intermediate rank.
| |
| − | | |
| − | God's Land, Egyptian tA nTr (Ta netjer)
| |
| − | Term used for some foreign, generally wooded regions: Punt in the south, but also regions in Syria etc.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Great Green (literal translation of wAD-wr )
| |
| − | Generally supposed to denote the Sea, especially the Mediterranean. It has also been proposed to stand for the Nile (delta) or the Fayum.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Griffin
| |
| − | Chimaera with a lion's body and a falcon's head, since the OK symbol of the victorious ruler
| |
| − | | |
| − | H
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hah
| |
| − | Personification of eternity, props up the heavens
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hamamat, Hammamat
| |
| − | Wadi connecting the Nile valley to the Red Sea near Thebes
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hannu
| |
| − | see Henenu
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hapi, Hapy
| |
| − | 1) God of the Nile;
| |
| − | 2) One of the Four Sons of Horus
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hapiru, Apiru, Habiru
| |
| − | Nomadic asiatics of the 2nd millennium BCE, often considered outlaws. Used to be wrongly identified with the Hebrews
| |
| − | | |
| − | Harakhte
| |
| − | God, see also Horus, Re
| |
| − | | |
| − | Harem (Arabic), Egyptian ipet
| |
| − | institution run by the pharaoh's first wife for the benefit of the pharaoh's wives and female relatives, not to be confounded with the muslim harem of later times
| |
| − | | |
| − | Haremhab
| |
| − | see Horemheb
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hathor
| |
| − | Goddess of sky, love, mirth, beauty and fertility
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hatshepsut, Hatshepsowe
| |
| − | Female pharaoh, 18th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hatti, Kheta
| |
| − | Anatolian nation, in conflict with the Egyptians during the New Kingdom
| |
| − | | |
| − | Heb Sed (Hb-sd)
| |
| − | festival (Hb) celebrated after 30 years of rule or more frequently. Its precise purpose is unknown, but is supposed to have to do with the pharaoh's rejuvenation.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hedjet, nefer-hedjet (nfr-D.t)
| |
| − | the white crown of Upper Egypt
| |
| − | | |
| − | Heka (HkA)
| |
| − | Magic
| |
| − | | |
| − | Heka-khase (HqA-xAsw.t )
| |
| − | see Hyksos
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hekat, Heket
| |
| − | see Heqat
| |
| − | | |
| − | Heliopolis, On
| |
| − | Main temple of the sun god Re
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hemaka
| |
| − | Royal sealbearer (chancellor) under Den (1st dynasty)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Henenu, Hannu, Henu
| |
| − | Steward and overseer of herds, 11th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Henku
| |
| − | Nomarch, late OK (Inscription)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hephaestos, Hephaistos
| |
| − | The Greek equivalent of Ptah
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hepu
| |
| − | Vizier under Thutmose IV
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hepuseneb
| |
| − | First prophet of Amen under Hatshepsut
| |
| − | | |
| − | Heqa (HqA.t)
| |
| − | Crook, symbol of pharaonic authority
| |
| − | | |
| − | Heqat (HqA.t)
| |
| − | Measure of volume of varying size:
| |
| − | 1) Barrel, bushel. Divided into 10 hin, c. 4.8 litres, used throughout history
| |
| − | 2) Common bushel, double barrel, c. 9.6 litres, Middle to New Kingdom
| |
| − | 3) Large bushel, also called oipe, about 19.2 litres
| |
| − | | |
| − | Heqat, Heqet, Hekt, Hekat, Heket (Hq.t)
| |
| − | Goddess of birth in the form of a frog
| |
| − | | |
| − | Her-ka-pet
| |
| − | The planet Saturn
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hermanubis, Anpu, Khenty-Imentiu
| |
| − | see Anubis
| |
| − | | |
| − | Heru
| |
| − | see Horus
| |
| − | | |
| − | Heru-deshret
| |
| − | The planet Mars
| |
| − | | |
| − | Her-wepes-tawy
| |
| − | The planet Jupiter
| |
| − | | |
| − | Heseb (Hsb)
| |
| − | Square measure: One quarter of a tA, divided into 2 sA
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hesire
| |
| − | Overseer over the royal scribes under Djoser (3rd dynasty), physician and dentist
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hierakonpolis (Greek), Nekhen
| |
| − | Ancient southern capital
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hieratic (from Greek hieratikos, priest)
| |
| − | Cursive writing of Hieroglyphs
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hieroglyphics (from Greek hierogluphicos, sacred writing
| |
| − | Egyptian writing using stylized pictures (hieroglyphs)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hin (hnw)
| |
| − | lit. jar, one tenth of a heqat, about half a litre
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hittites
| |
| − | People of Hatti
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hor
| |
| − | 1) Hor, pharaoh, probably 13th dynasty;
| |
| − | 2) Hor, priest during the Late Period;
| |
| − | 3) Hor, mountain in northern Canaan;
| |
| − | 4) see Horus
| |
| − | | |
| − | Horbaf
| |
| − | Son of Khufu (4th dynasty), vizier
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hordjedef, Djedefhor
| |
| − | Son of Khufu (4th dynasty)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Horemheb
| |
| − | New Kingdom general and pharaoh, 18th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Horus, Hor, Heru, Hru
| |
| − | Sun god, son of Isis and Osiris
| |
| − | | |
| − | Horus name
| |
| − | First of the pharaonic titles, often written in a serekh
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hotep Senusret (Kahun)
| |
| − | Middle Kingdom planned town
| |
| − | | |
| − | House of Life
| |
| − | Repositories for knowledge in temples
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hyksos
| |
| − | The Heqa-khasut, wrongly translated as Shepherd Kings, an Asiatic people, founded a kingdom in Northern Egypt, 15th and 16th dynasties
| |
| − | | |
| − | Hypostyle
| |
| − | (Greek hupostulos, under columns) Building with roof supported by pillars
| |
| − | | |
| − | I
| |
| − | | |
| − | Ikhernofret
| |
| − | Chancellor under Senusret III, (Stela)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Imhotep
| |
| − | High official under of Djoser (3rd dynasty), later deified.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Intef, Antef, Inyotef
| |
| − | Pharaohs of the 11th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | IP
| |
| − | Intermediary Period
| |
| − | | |
| − | Ipet
| |
| − | see harem
| |
| − | | |
| − | Isfet
| |
| − | disorder, chaos, opposed to Maat
| |
| − | | |
| − | Isis, Auset, Aset, Ast
| |
| − | Goddess of fertility and nature, consort of Osiris. Identified with Demeter and Aphrodite
| |
| − | | |
| − | Iteru (jtrw)
| |
| − | 1) River-unit, measure of length, 20000 cubits, ca. 10 km, Greek skhoine
| |
| − | 2) ca. 2km according to Breasted
| |
| − | 3) River, Nile
| |
| − | | |
| − | Ithyphallic (from Greek ithuphallicos)
| |
| − | Having an erect penis, a sign of fertility (depictions of ba-birds, Osiris, Min or Amen, etc)
| |
| − | | |
| − | J
| |
| − | | |
| − | Judgment of the Dead
| |
| − | Decision by the gods on the afterlife of a person
| |
| − | | |
| − | Justified
| |
| − | maa-kheru, lit. True of voice, dead person judged favourably
| |
| − | | |
| − | K
| |
| − | | |
| − | Ka
| |
| − | Immortal part of a being, but needing nourishment, coming into existence together with the being: the "life force", continuity of existence. Cf. Body and Soul.
| |
| − | To go to his ka: to die
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kadashman Enlil
| |
| − | King of Babylon, contemporary of Amenhotep III
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kadesh, Kedesh, Qadesh
| |
| − | 1) Fortified town in Retenu, site of famous battle
| |
| − | 2) Goddess
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kagemni
| |
| − | 1) Vizier under Snefru, author of the Instructions of Kagemni;
| |
| − | 2) Vizier under Teti (6th dynasty) with famous mastaba
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kahun, Lahun, Illahun (Arabic)
| |
| − | Middle Kingdom planned town near the site of Hotep Senusret
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kambyses
| |
| − | see Cambyses
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kamutef
| |
| − | Lit. 'Bull of his Mother'. Name of the ithyphallic, self-created Amen and Min
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kanofer
| |
| − | Architect under Khasekhemwy (2nd dynasty), speculatively Imhotep's father
| |
| − | | |
| − | Karnak, Al Karnak (Arabic)
| |
| − | modern village, occupying the northern half of pharaonic Thebes, Ipet isut, the site of many ancient temples
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kawab
| |
| − | Son of Khufu (4th dynasty)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Keftiu
| |
| − | described as a place in the midst of the Great Green, i.e. the Mediterranean, possibly Crete, sometimes identified with Cyprus or with the whole of the Aegean
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kemet (km.t)
| |
| − | The black (land)
| |
| − | The fertile soil of the Nile flood plain
| |
| − | Egypt which is also called the Two Lands
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kenbet (qnb.t)
| |
| − | Judicial commission or court
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kezweden, Kizzuwadna
| |
| − | Hurrian vassal state of the Hittites in southern Anatolia
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khafre, Chafre, Chefren
| |
| − | Old Kingdom Pharaoh, 4th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khaemwaset
| |
| − | Son of Ramses II, high priest of Ptah
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khamudi, Chamudi, Apepi II
| |
| − | Hyksos king
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khar (XAr)
| |
| − | Lit. sack, measure of capacity
| |
| − | 1) Deka-heqat, 10 heqat, ca.48 litres. (OK, MK)
| |
| − | 2) Deka-heqat, khar, equals 4 oipe, i.e. 16 heqat, ca. 96 litres (MK-SIP)
| |
| − | 3) Khar, 4 oipe, 76 litres (NK-TIP)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kheker sign (Xkr)
| |
| − | architectural decoration
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khekheperre-sonbu
| |
| − | Priest (Admonitions)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khentamenti, Khenty-Imentiu, Chontamenti
| |
| − | see Anubis, also Osiris
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kheops
| |
| − | see Khufu
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khepresh, Kheperesh (xprS)
| |
| − | The blue crown
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khet (xt), khet-en-nu
| |
| − | Linear measure, 100 cubits, about 50 metres
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kheta
| |
| − | see Hatti
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kheti, Akhtoy
| |
| − | A number of kings ruling at Heracleopolis during the First Intermediate Period
| |
| − | A number of nomarchs during the First Intermediate Period:
| |
| − | 1) Kheti son of Tefibi (inscription)
| |
| − | 2) Kheti son of Sit (inscription)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khnumhotep, Khnumhotpe
| |
| − | 1) Khnumhotep I, nomarch (Inscription)
| |
| − | 2) Khnumhotep II, grandson of Khnumhotep I, nomarch (Inscription)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khons, Khonsu
| |
| − | 1) Moon God, son of Amen and Mut, his main temple was at Karnak;
| |
| − | 2) Called To: First prophet of Menkheperra under Ramses II
| |
| − | | |
| − | Khufu, Cheops
| |
| − | Old Kingdom Pharaoh, 4th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kiosk (from French kiosque, Turkish kösk)
| |
| − | A roof supported by columns or poles
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kit, kite, qite, (qd.t)
| |
| − | weight, one tenth of a deben, about 9 grammes (during the New Kingdom)
| |
| − | Greek period: monetary unit worth one tenth of a deben = 2 drachmas
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kohl (fom Arabic kuhl )
| |
| − | Black eyeliner (cf. Cosmetics)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kubna, Gepen
| |
| − | Egyptian name for Byblos
| |
| − | | |
| − | Kush, Kash
| |
| − | Nubian region above the second cataract
| |
| − | | |
| − | KV
| |
| − | Used by archaeologists together with a number to identify tombs in the Valley of the Kings
| |
| − | | |
| − | L
| |
| − | | |
| − | Labayu
| |
| − | Ruler of Shechem, contemporary of Akhenaten (cf. Amarna Letters)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Lector priest
| |
| − | Priest reading ritual texts
| |
| − | | |
| − | Libu, Ribu
| |
| − | Libyans
| |
| − | | |
| − | Lesonis
| |
| − | Greek for Egyptian mr-Sn, an elected official in charge of the economic management of a temple
| |
| − | | |
| − | LP
| |
| − | Late Period
| |
| − | | |
| − | L.P.H.
| |
| − | Life, prosperity, health (anx wDA snb) [1] - Wish for well-being, added after the names of pharaohs, "prosperity" should rather be "soundness"
| |
| − | | |
| − | Luxor (Arabic el Uksor)
| |
| − | modern village, occupying the southern half of ancient Thebes, Ipet resyt
| |
| − | | |
| − | M
| |
| − | | |
| − | Ma
| |
| − | see Meshwesh
| |
| − | | |
| − | Maa-kheru (mAa-xrw )
| |
| − | True of voice, justified. Used for
| |
| − | 1) the winning party in a trial,
| |
| − | 2) the dead whose heart weighed less than a feather
| |
| − | | |
| − | Maat, Ma'at, Mayet (maA.t)
| |
| − | Goddess of Truth; the world order, justice, proper conduct.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Mafdet
| |
| − | Goddess, symbolizing judicial authority and the execution apparatus
| |
| − | | |
| − | Mammisi (Coptic)
| |
| − | lit. House of Birth, sanctuary attached to a temple; dedicated to the birth of the child deity of a triad
| |
| − | | |
| − | Mastaba (Arabic mastaba, bench)
| |
| − | Old Kingdom, underground tomb with above ground structure
| |
| − | | |
| − | Maziqda
| |
| − | 38 hin, about 19 litres
| |
| − | | |
| − | Medjay
| |
| − | Nubian mercenaries since the First Intermediary Period, police under Ahmose I and his successors
| |
| − | | |
| − | Megiddo
| |
| − | Important Canaanite town, site of battle
| |
| − | | |
| − | Meh-ta (mH-tA)
| |
| − | Area measure, 100 cubits squared, ca.27 m², New Kingdom
| |
| − | | |
| − | Memphis (Greek), Mennefer, Mof
| |
| − | Old Kingdom capital of Egypt (near Cairo)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Menat (mnj.t)
| |
| − | 1) Musical instrument, castanet;
| |
| − | 2) Broad collar or necklace, attribute of Hathor
| |
| − | | |
| − | Men, Menes, Min
| |
| − | First pharaoh of the united kingdom according to Herodotus, identified as Hor-aha
| |
| − | | |
| − | Menkaure, Mykerinos
| |
| − | Old Kingdom Pharaoh, 4th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Menkheperreseneb
| |
| − | High priest of Amon at Karnak, 18th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Mentuhotep, Montuhotep
| |
| − | 4 pharaohs of the 11th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Mereruka
| |
| − | vizier under Teti (6th dynasty), successor of Kagemni
| |
| − | | |
| − | Meryre, Pepi I, Pepy I
| |
| − | Old Kingdom pharaoh, 6th dynasty
| |
| − | | |
| − | Meryt-Amen
| |
| − | Daughter of Akhenaten and Queen Nefertiti, wife of Smenkhkare(?)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Meskhenet
| |
| − | Goddess personification of the birthing stone, two bricks placed under the feet of the woman giving birth in a crouching position
| |
| − | | |
| − | Meshwesh (mSwS), Ma
| |
| − | Libyans settled in the Delta during the Third Intermediary Period, mercenaries
| |
| − | | |
| − | Metjen
| |
| − | Official under Snofru (Biography)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Min
| |
| − | Fertility god
| |
| − | Pharaoh, see Menes
| |
| − | | |
| − | Mitanni
| |
| − | Hurrian people living in Naharin (western Mesopotamia), disappeared as an independent nation during the Egyptian New Kingdom
| |
| − | | |
| − | MK
| |
| − | Middle Kingdom
| |
| − | | |
| − | Moeris, Moiris
| |
| − | 1) possibly Amenemhet III.
| |
| − | 2) Lake Moeris - lake in the Fayum excavated according to Herodotus by Moeris
| |
| − | | |
| − | Montu, Mont
| |
| − | War god
| |
| − | | |
| − | Montuhotep
| |
| − | see Mentuhotep
| |
| − | | |
| − | Mut
| |
| − | 1) Mother goddess, often equated with Isis
| |
| − | 2) Deceased with often malicious intentions
| |
| − | | |
| − | N
| |
| − | | |
| − | Nagada, Naqada
| |
| − | Settlement 30 km northwest of Thebes. Name for predynastic periods from 3550 to 2600 BCE
| |
| − | | |
| − | Naharin, Naharina
| |
| − | Region in Syria or Lebanon, at times identified with Aram Naharaim, the region between western Tigris and the Euphrates, at others with the region between the Litani and the Orontes.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Naos (Greek naos, temple)
| |
| − | The sanctuary with the divine statues
| |
| − | | |
| − | Narmer
| |
| − | King, thought by many to be the uniter of Upper and Lower Egypt
| |
| − | | |
| − | Natron (from Spanish, originally Greek)
| |
| − | Carbonate salt mixture used in mummifying, found at Wadi Natrun
| |
| − | | |
| − | Naucratis, Naukratis (Greek)
| |
| − | Ionian city in the Delta
| |
| − | | |
| − | Nebamen, Nebamon, Nebamun
| |
| − | Chief of police in western Thebes under Thutmose IV and Amenhoteop III
| |
| − | Superintendent of the grain stores under Thutmose III (cf. Abbott papyrus)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Nebwawi
| |
| − | High Priest of Osiris under Thutmose III (Inscription)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Necho, Neco, Necos, Nekhau
| |
| − | Two pharaohs of the Late Dynastic Period, 26th dynasty
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| − | Necropolis (Greek)
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| − | Greek lit. City of the dead, cemetery
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| − | Nefer (nfr)
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| − | Amulet made of gold, good luck charm
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| − | Neferkare, Pepi II, Pepy II
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| − | Old Kingdom pharaoh, 6th dynasty
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| − | Nefertari, Nefertari-Mery-Mut
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| − | Main wife of Ramses II
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| − | Nefertiti, Nefertete, Nofretete
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| − | Wife of Akhenaten
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| − | Neferty
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| − | Prophet
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| − | Neheh (nHH)
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| − | Eternity, perpetual renewal of cycles, as opposed to djet
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| − | Nehes
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| − | see Nubia
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| − | Nekhakha (nxx)
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| − | see flagellum
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| − | Nekhbet
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| − | Goddess of Upper Egypt represented in the form of a vulture
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| − | Nekhekh (nxx)
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| − | see flagellum
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| − | Nekhen, Hierakonpolis
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| − | Ancient southern capital
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| − | Nephthys, Nepthys, Nebt-Het
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| − | Goddess, wife of Seth
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| − | Neshmet (nSm.t)
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| − | The barque of Osiris
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| − | Nilometer
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| − | Place, generally with column, where the height of the Nile could be measured
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| − | Nitocris, Nitokris
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| − | daughter of Psammetic I, 26th dynasty, Wife of the God Amen
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| − | NK
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| − | New Kingdom
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| − | Nomarch (Greek)
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| − | Ruler of a nome
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| − | Nome (from Greek nomos division)
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| − | Administrative region
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| − | Nub (nb)
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| − | Gold
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| − | Nubia, Wawat
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| − | Region above the first cataract, occupied by Egypt during the 2nd Millennium BCE
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| − | Nun
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| − | Primordial god of water and fertility, depicted as a green or blue man
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| − | Nut
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| − | Goddess of the sky
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| − | O
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| − | Obol
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| − | Greek coin, one sixth of a drachma, divided into 8 chalkoi
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| − | Ogdoad (from Latin, Greek for eight)
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| − | The eight primeval gods of creation: Nun and Naunet, Kuk and Kauket, Huh and Hauhet, Amen and Amaunet
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| − | Oipe (jp.t)
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| − | Measure of capacity, 4 heqat, about 20 litres (NK to Roman times)
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| − | OK
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| − | Old Kingdom
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| − | On, Heliopolis (Greek)
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| − | Main temple of the sun god Re
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| − | Opening of the Mouth
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| − | ceremony performed for a deceased person
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| − | Osiris, Asr, Ausar
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| − | God of Duat, consort of Isis. Equated with the Greek Dionysos
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| − | Ostracon, Ostrakon (Greek)
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| − | a pottery sherd used for writing or sketching on, plural ostraka
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| − | P
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| − | Pabi
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| − | Ruler of Lachish, contemporary of Akhenaten
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| − | Paramoné (Greek)
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| − | In the Hellenist culture the obligation of a freed slave to perform services for his former master
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| − | Paser
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| − | 1) Viceroy under Ay and Horemheb
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| − | 2) Mayor and vizier under Sethi I and Ramses II
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| − | Pectoral (Latin)
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| − | Piece of jewellery covering upper chest
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| − | Pelusiac, Pelusian (from Greek)
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| − | The easternmost arm of the Nile, named after the town Pelusium
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| − | Pediese, Petiese, Pediaset
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| − | A number of Late Period priests, cf. The Petition of Pediese
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| − | Pepi
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| − | Two Old Kingdom pharaohs, 6th dynasty:
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| − | 1) Pepi I, Pepy I, Meryre
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| − | 2) Pepi II, Pepy II, Neferkare, Son of Pepi I
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| − | Peleset
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| − | One of the Sea Peoples, the Philistines, settled in Canaan
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| − | Peret, Pert, Proit (pr.t)
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| − | Season of Growth, from mid November to mid March in Ptolemaic times
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| − | Pesesh-kaf (psS-kf)
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| − | Ceremonial instrument used in the Opening of the Mouth Ceremony
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| − | Pharaoh (via Greek and Hebrew (par'oh) from Egyptian pr-aA - 'Great House')
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| − | Since the first millennium BCE king of Egypt,
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| − | Phoenix (Greek), Bennu bird
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| − | Mythological bird (see Bestiary)
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| − | Piankhi, Piye
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| − | Pharaoh of the Late Dynastic Period, 25th dynasty
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| − | Pre-dynastic, predynastic
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| − | Prehistoric period, 5500 to 3050 BCE
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| − | Prehirwonnef
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| − | Son of Ramesses II and Queen Nefertari, served in the army
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| − | Pronaos (from Greek)
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| − | Room leading to the naos
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| − | Proto-dynastic, protodynastic
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| − | Period 3200 to 3050, also called Late Gerzean
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| − | Prophet (from Greek)
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| − | Hm nTr, lit. servant of the god, Head priest
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| − | Psammetichos, Psammetic, Psamtek, Psamtik
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| − | Three pharaohs, 26th dynasty
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| − | Pseudoepigrapha (Greek)
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| − | Writings of a later date than purported, often attributed to an ancient authority like a pharaoh
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| − | Pshent
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| − | the double crown of the united Egypt
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| − | Ptach, Ptah
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| − | Creator god, Hephaestos to the Greeks
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| − | Ptahhotep
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| − | vizier under Djedkare (5th dynasty), putative author of instructions of wisdom
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| − | Punt
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| − | Apparently a region in the Horn of Africa, Ethiopia and/or southern Arabia. At times identified with God's Land.
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| − | Pylon
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| − | Massive structure at the entrance of a temple complex
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| − | Pyramid texts
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| − | Texts written inside pyramids concerning the afterlife of the deceased
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| − | Pyramidion (from Greek)
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| − | Capstone of a pyramid
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| − | Q
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| − | Qa'a
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| − | Last pharaoh of the first dynasty
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| − | Qa'a
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| − | High-roofed reception room in Egyptian houses (see The House of Djehutinefer )
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| − | Qadesh
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| − | see Kadesh
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| − | Qebehsenuef, Kebhsenuf etc
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| − | One of the four sons of Horus
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| − | Qenbet (qnb.t)
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| − | Judicial court
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| − | Qoseir, Quseir
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| − | Port on the Red Sea coast
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| − | ==R==
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| − | * Re, Ra - Sun god, Helios to the Greeks, with the cult centre at Heliopolis
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| − | ==S==
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| − | * Sabgu - The planet Mercury
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| − | * Sah (sAH) - The constellation of Orion, associated with Osiris
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| − | * Sarcophagus (Greek sarx + phagos, flesh eating) - Stone coffin
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| − | * Sau - Apotropaic amulet
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| − | * Scarab
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| − | 1) Dung beetle
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| − | 2) Amulet in the form of a dung beetle
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| − | * Sechmet, Sekhmet - Goddess of love and protection, cf. Hathor
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| − | * Serpopards (from Greek) - Long-necked chimaera of Mesopotamian origin
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| − | * Seshat - Goddess, her name means 'female scribe'. Perhaps a form of Nephthys
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| − | * Set, Seth - God of chaos, brother of Osiris
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| − | * Shabti, Shawabti (?) (mainly New Kingdom), Ushabti (mainly Late Period) - Mummyform statuette of the deceased placed since the Middle Kingdom in tombs to do manual labour
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| − | * Shu - God, often identified with Heracles by the Greeks
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| − | * Solar boat, ~ ship, ~ barque - Boat used by the sun god to cross the sky
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| − | * Sopdet (spd.t), Greek Sothis - Goddess, embodiment of the star Sirius
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| − | * Sphinx (Greek) - Statue with lion's body and human or animal head
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| − | * Stela, stele (plural stelae or steles) (from Greek) - Monumental stone slab with carvings
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| − | ==T==
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| − | * Tauret, Taweret, Tauwret - fertility goddess
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| − | * Tefnut - Goddess of dew and rain
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| − | * Thoth, Thot, Toth, Tehuti, Djehuti - God of wisdom, his main temple was at Hermopolis, Hermes Trismegistus to the Greeks
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